CeO_2对Al_2O_3基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响

采用有机泡沫浸渍工艺,研究了CeO2对氧化铝基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响。通过检测试样的常温耐压强度、热震稳定性、通透率等性能以及利用扫描电镜(SEM)对试样的显微结构进行研究,较为详细地探讨不同含量的CeO2对氧化铝基泡沫陶瓷过滤器性能的影响。结果表明,使用CeO2作添加剂可促进液相的生成,降低氧化铝基泡沫陶瓷的烧成温度,改善瓷体的微观组织结构和性能。实验结果表明,当CeO2含量为3%时其热震稳定性和抗压强度最佳。     

Biodegradable foam tray from cassava starch blended with natural fiber and chitosan

This work developed biodegradable foam trays from cassava starch blended with the natural polymers of fiber and chitosan. The kraft fiber at 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% (w/w of starch) was mixed with cassava starch solution. Chitosan solution at 0, 2, 4 and 6% (w/v) was added into starch/fiber batter with 1:1. Hot mold baking was used to develop the cassava starch-based foam by using an oven machine with controlled temperature at 250 °C for 5 min. Results showed that foam produced from cassava starch with 30% kraft fiber and 4% chitosan had properties similar to polystyrene foam. Color as L^*, a^* and b^* value of starch foam tray was slightly increased. Density, tensile strength and elongation of the starch-based foam were 0.14 g/cm³, 944.40 kPa and 2.43%, respectively, but water absorption index (WAI) and water solubility index (WSI) were greater than the polystyrene foam.     

Mechanical and physical properties of expanded starch, reinforced by natural fibres

Biodegradable foams made from potato starch and natural fibres were obtained by extrusion. The effects of varying origins of these fibres on foam properties were studied, as well the relationships between their properties and the foam microstructure. The addition of fibres increased the expansion index and led to a significant reduction in water adsorption of starch foams, generally improving foam properties. The mechanical properties of the foams were affected by both relative humidity (RH) of storage and foam formulation. In general, as the RH increased, the foam strength decreased. The formulation presenting the best mechanical properties contained 10 wt% hemp fibre and had a maximal resistance of 4.14 MPa and a modulus of 228 MPa, corresponding to a more compact and dense microstructure.     

仙人掌多糖对THP–1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞胆固醇蓄积及其相关基因表达的影响

采用PMA和ox–LDL构建THP–1巨噬细胞源性泡沫细胞模型,观察不同浓度(5、10、15 nmol/L)仙人掌多糖(ODP–Ia)对泡沫细胞内脂质、胆固醇蓄积以及介导胆固醇流出的ABCA1、ABCG1、SR–BI基因表达的影响。结果显示:THP–1巨噬细胞泡沫化后胞内蓄积了大量脂质,高剂量(15 nmol/L)ODP–Ia能够显著减少胞内脂质、胆固醇蓄积,并增强ABCA1、ABCG1、SR–BI m RNA及蛋白表达(与单独ox–LDL处理组比较,P0.05),但效果均次于阳性对照依折麦布组(P0.05),低、中剂量(5、10 nmol/L)ODP–Ia作用效果均不显著。本研究结果表明,ODP–Ia可通过增强ABCA1、ABCG1、SR–BI基因表达来减少胞内胆固醇蓄积。     

松香催化加氢的研究进展

对松香加氢反应使用的负载型贵金属催化剂、骨架镍催化剂、纳米镍催化剂及其反应动力学做了全面的综述,并对上述催化剂的优缺点进行了讨论,对氢化松香的研究应用前景进行了展望,认为研制价廉、低温、低压下高活性的催化剂是松香氢化反应的研究重点。     

林木剩余物与聚苯乙烯泡沫复合材料研究

研究利用林木剩余物碎料和发泡聚苯乙烯并添加胶粘剂、助剂等进行加压制造复合材料.以导热系数、压缩强度、尺寸稳定性作为主要技术指标对复合材料进行评价,考察了木质碎料与聚苯乙烯泡沫不同配比、施胶量、密度等工艺参数对复合材料性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜对复合材料的界面进行了分析.结果表明:在设定密度范围内,由于胶粘剂、助剂和压力的共同作用,使木质碎料与发泡聚苯乙烯间形成蓬松状结合;正交试验确定的最佳工艺为:发泡聚苯乙烯与木材碎料配比为12∶88、施胶量12%、助剂2%、密度0.20g/cm3.用该工艺制造的复合材料达到相关标准要求.     

Determination of Trace Amounts of Gold in Soil Sample Using Plastic Foam Enrichment-ICP-MS Method

The aim of this study is to determine the trace amount of gold in soil sample using plastic foam enrichment-ICP-MS method.The national standard reference materials including GAu-2,GAu-10,GAu-11 and GAu-13 were used for parallel determination by ICPMS.The results showed that the method performed well in detection limit,precision and accuracy,indicating that the plastic foam enrichment-ICP-MS method could be used to determine the trace amounts of gold in soil sample.     

The Technique of Producing the Tiny Ceramic Powders by Ultrasonic Atomizer

A kind of ultrasonic atomizer equipments to produce tiny ceramic powders are developed and the optimal technical parameters of the equipment are cetermined,and the characteristics of tiny ceramic powders are also evaluated.     

酚醛泡沫对蚯蚓及土壤微生物活性的影响

为检测市面上某种农用酚醛泡沫的使用安全性，采用人工土壤法研究酚醛泡沫对赤子爱胜蚓的急性毒性；同时测定了酚醛泡沫暴露64 d后的慢性毒性效应，对蚯蚓超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性的影响，并分析了土壤中性磷酸酶（S-NP）、脲酶（S-UE）活性和呼吸速率的变化，探讨了酚醛泡沫对土壤活性及功能的影响。结果表明:酚醛泡沫对赤子爱胜蚓的急性半致死浓度大于5 000 mg·kg^-1；酚醛泡沫（1~5 000 mg·kg^-1）处理64 d后，蚯蚓GSH-Px活性变化范围为27.47~56.96U·mg^-1，SOD活性变化范围为32.43~58.10 U·mg^-1，两种酶活性均显著增加（P<0.05）。不添加酚醛泡沫的对照处理土壤呼吸速率为0.067 μmol·g^-1·h^-1，添加酚醛泡沫的处理组为0.041~0.055 μmol·g^-1·h^-1，表明酚醛泡沫添加显著（P<0.05）抑制了土壤呼吸；但酚醛泡沫处理对土壤S-NP和S-UE活性没有显著影响。研究表明，酚醛泡沫材料（5 000 mg·kg^-1）对蚯蚓没有致死作用，但会诱导蚯蚓酶活性显著增强，抑制土壤呼吸速率。     

三角梅绿色嫩梢的花泥扦插繁殖技术初探

为了解决三角梅 Bougainvillea spp.新优品种繁殖难题，利用花泥进行6个品种的绿色嫩梢扦插繁殖试验。结果表明：花泥基质和泥炭+珍珠岩（1︰1）基质中的绿色嫩梢的生根率没有显著差异，但均极显著高于珍珠岩和木屑基质中的。IBA处理对绿色嫩梢扦插有明显促根作用，浓度可用100～300 mg/L。不同品种间扦插生根有显著差别，‘塔紫’生根率最高（100%），其后依次为‘斑叶塔紫’（95.0%）、‘樱花’（72.0%）、‘金边大红’（71.0%）、‘银边浅紫’（61.0%）和‘金心双色’（54.0%）。扦插时间宜选择在6月底至8月初，该时段的扦插生根率极显著高于10月中旬。花泥扦插生根苗的移栽成活率为100%。